ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the incidence of contact dermatitis among workers in cemented carbide production enterprises.@*Methods@#From October 1997 to October 2017, an occupational epidemiological survey was conducted on a large-scale cemented carbide production enterprise, and occupational health examinations were conducted for employees. 152 people were exposed to hard metal dust (hard metal raw material dust and alloy dust) . The employees in the work group were contact groups, and 142 employees in the non-dusting operation of the company were in the control group. A detailed retrospective survey of hard metal production workers with contact dermatitis history in the two groups was conducted to analyze the risk factors of contact dermatitis exposure to hard metal dust.@*Results@#The incidence of allergic diseases in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=23.793, P<0.05) . The incidence of contact dermatitis in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=24.659, P<0.05) ; the changes of contact dermatitis in the contact group were mainly allergic contact dermatitis, and some showed irritative contact dermatitis; the operator had respiratory symptoms (including work-related nasal congestion, cough, wheezing) , difficulty breathing may be the influencing factors of contact dermatitis (RR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.10-6.20, P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#Hard metal alloy enterprises are exposed to hard metal dust. The incidence of contact dermatitis is high in workers, and the occurrence of contact dermatitis may be associated with those with respiratory symptoms.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the functional classification of differentially expressed genes in manganese-poisoned rats and related metabolic pathways, and to provide a reference for the study of the mechanism of manganese poisoning and gene regulation in the prevention and treatment of manganese poisoning.@*Methods@#Six healthy specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group according to body weight, with 3 rats in each group. Rats in the experimental group were injected intraperitoneally with MnCl2·4H2O (25 mg/kg) at 0.2 ml/100 g once every 48 h, and the control group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline at the same dose. After one month of exposure, the rats were anesthetized and then sacrificed by cardiac puncture blood collection. The striatum was isolated on ice, and RNA was extracted to establish a DNA data library. Whole genome sequencing was used to identify the differentially expressed genes in the rats with manganese poisoning. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were performed to investigate the possible metabolic pathways in which the differentially expressed genes may participate.@*Results@#A total of 18439 genes were detected in the striatum of rats, and 17 differentially expressed genes were screened out. Among them, 10 genes were up-regulated, and 7 genes were down-regulated. According to gene function analysis, 164 functional branches and 26 metabolic pathways with high gene enrichment were screened out. The genes were enriched in synaptic signaling, signal transduction, etc., especially behavioral function. The metabolic pathways with high gene enrichment were endocytosis pathway, PI3K-Akt pathway, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, in which the PI3K-Akt pathway had enrichment of the same differentially expressed gene (29 517) as the FoxO signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathway, and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway had enrichment of the same differentially expressed gene (24 415) as the glutamatergic synaptic pathway.@*Conclusion@#The differentially expressed genes in manganese-poisoned rats may influence the susceptibility to manganese poisoning through the PI3K-Akt pathway, mTOR metabolic pathway, or FoxO metabolic pathway, and may be involved in behavioral changes.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#o explore the problems encountered in the application of GBZ/T 237-2011 edition of "Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Caused by Occupational Stimulating Chemicals" , and to provide reference for the revision of the new standard.@*Methods@#Delphi expert survey method was used to consult experts on the reasonableness of six primary indicators (scope of application, diagnostic principles, diagnostic indicators, treatment principles, diagnostic grading, appendix A) and their corresponding secondary indicators in the Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) caused by Occupational Stimulant Chemicals.@*Results@#The results of the first round of Delphi method showed that the reasonable mean of the diagnostic criteria about long-term occupational history, smoking history and clinical diagnostic criteria was less than 7, and the coefficient of variation was greater than 0.25, indicating that the experts disagreed with the scope of application of the original criteria; the average of smoking history and 3-year working age were 1.78 and 3.43 (less than 7) respectively, which indicated that the experts agreed that the two diagnostic indexes were not conducive to the practical work of occupational disease clinicians; among the diagnostic indicators, smoking history and smoking volume were taken into account in a comprehensive way, and the average values were 7.61 and 7.61 (greater than 7) , respectively. the coefficient of variation was less than 0.25, indicating that the experts had concentrated their opinions and agreed that such indicators could be considered into the diagnostic index system.@*Conclusion@#"Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Caused by Occupational Stimulating Chemicals" should be improved by expanding the scope of occupational irritant gases. Smoking problems can be considered in combination with clinical practice, and occupational exposure history can be considered to reduce appropriately.